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    "headline": "Cartagena ranks seventh in sustainability study of 105 heritage cities in Europe and Latin America",
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    "prose": "Cartagena de Indias ranked seventh among 105 heritage cities in Europe and Latin America in a sustainability study by statistician Martin Sebastian Rondon Raigoza, scoring 0.96 out of 1. [^1]\n\nMartin Sebastian Rondon Raigoza said that the cultural advantage of cities such as Cartagena and Cusco lies in heritage being part of everyday life rather than only a tourist attraction. [^2]\n\nThe study by Martin Sebastian Rondon Raigoza compared 105 heritage cities in Latin America and Europe, including 73 European and 32 Latin American cities with UNESCO World Heritage historic centers. [^3]\n\nThe study found that Latin American cities scored higher in the cultural dimension (average 0.658 vs 0.598 for European cities), while European cities scored higher in the social (0.816 vs 0.720) and economic (0.927 vs 0.909) dimensions. [^4]\n\nJohn Vasquez grew up in Ciudad Bolívar, Colombia, where he observed environmental conflicts associated with urban development, including the 1997 landslide at the Doña Juana sanitary landfill. [^5]\n\nOver the last ten years, Vasquez's initiatives have conducted more than 40 workshops and laboratories, training over 1,000 people in bioconstruction methodologies. [^6]\n\nThe United Nations Environment Programme states that the construction industry accounts for 34% of global greenhouse gas emissions associated with energy consumption and the production of materials like cement and steel. [^7]\n\nVasquez founded the Laboratory of Earth Construction and the Integral Experience of Bioconstruction to experiment with natural materials and recover ancestral knowledge. [^8]",
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